Restrictive and Obstructive Disorders

Restrictive Disorders

Difficulty inflating the lungs due to lack or destruction of elastic fiber (compliance problems). Lack of surfactant can also cause restrictive disorders.
There is a change in the rate and depth of breathing and often, short, shallow breaths.
Decrease in VC, TLC, RV, and FRC.
FEV1/VC ration is normal

Pulmonary Fibrosis:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yNVFaSmCNr8

Fascinating video of a child with Cystic Fibrosis having a PT session with his mom:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hDo3RvGyPgs&feature=related

Respiratory Distress Syndrome:
Adults
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kQ9eCywj_Hs

Infants
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QgFinYq8bYU

Obstructive Disorders:
Increased airway resistance - difficulty in exhaling due to excessive mucus production, inflammation and increased pressure needed to inflate the lungs (in emphysema). Difficulty with exhalation.
There is a change in the rate and depth of breathing with deeper, longer breaths. The patient is working harder to breathe out.

Decrease in VC and an increase in TLC, RV, and FRC.
FEV1/VC is below 80%

Bronchitis and Emphysema
http://video.about.com/copd/COPD.htm
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aktIMBQSXMo&feature=related

Asthma
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=82gn_rDRpHk&feature=channel
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vlZ7R07OrR4&feature=related